
"Public money, public code" as council policy
After a decade of hard-won lessons on desktop Linux, Munich came back smarter: a 2023 City Council motion created an OSPO with a dual mandate — use open source where it’s strong, and publish the city’s own software.
Lesson for NYCThe mature posture isn’t all-or-nothing migration — it’s an institutional office with a publish-by-default rule.
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